|
The sanctions against Iraq were a near-total financial and trade embargo imposed by the United Nations Security Council on the Iraqi Republic. They began August 6, 1990, four days after Iraq's invasion of Kuwait, stayed largely in force until May 2003 (after Saddam Hussein's being forced from power),〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Resolution 1483 - UN Security Council - Global Policy Forum )〕 and persisted in part, including reparations to Kuwait, through the present.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 url =http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/06/27/us-iraq-kuwait-un-idUSBRE95Q0Y320130627 )〕 The original stated purposes of the sanctions were to compel Iraq to withdraw from Kuwait, to pay reparations, and to disclose and eliminate any weapons of mass destruction. Initially the UN Security Council imposed stringent economic sanctions on Iraq by adopting and enforcing United Nations Security Council Resolution 661.〔 After the end of the 1991 Persian Gulf War, those sanctions were extended and elaborated on, including linkage to removal of weapons of mass destruction, by Resolution 687. The sanctions banned all trade and financial resources except for medicine and "in humanitarian circumstances" foodstuffs, the import of which into Iraq was tightly regulated.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=UN Security Council Resolution 661 )〕 ==Goals== Resolutions 661 and 687 expressed the goals of eliminating weapons of mass destruction and extended-range ballistic missiles, prohibiting any support for terrorism, and forcing Iraq to pay war reparations and all foreign debt.〔〔 Some have argued that a non-expressed goal of the sanctions was the removal of Saddam Hussein. For example, the Iraq Liberation Act of 1998 stated that U.S. policy was to "replace that regime",〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=H.R.4655; Title: Iraq Liberation Act of 1998 )〕 an outcome that was not referenced in the U.N. resolutions but frequently mentioned by its supporters. In 1991, Paul H. Lewis wrote in the New York Times: "Ever since the trade embargo was imposed on Aug. 6, after the invasion of Kuwait, the United States has argued against any premature relaxation in the belief that by making life uncomfortable for the Iraqi people it will eventually encourage them to remove President Saddam Hussein from power." 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sanctions against Iraq」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|